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Types Of Routing Protocols
August 26th 2011 13:32
Cisco Branch Router (Courtesy Cisco)
In the last post we focused on IPv6, which is the next generation of Internet Protocol. In this post lets head back to some of the more basic concepts of IPv4 which is routing.
Router in general is a device that transfers packets from one network to another thus allowing the creation of a large internetwork that can be as large as the Internet itself. Routing is not just transfer of IP packets but instead all the networking protocols that exist like Appletalk, IPX etc are also forwarded using routers.
Without routers there would be no Internet! A router accomplishes this task of transferring packets through complex algorithms that run on its hardware. These algorithms in the networking world are called the Routing Protocols, that run on the Layer 3 of the OSI Later.
Cisco claims to be the first to have made a Router and has its own operating system called the Cisco IOS. This IOS is responsible for executing the Routing function on the platform.
Routing Protocols can be divided into two main categories:
1. Interior Gateway Protocol
Interior Gateway Protocols (IGP) are further classified into:
a. Distance Vector (RIP, IGRP)
b. Link State (OSPF, IS-IS)
c. Hybrid (EIGRP)
2. Exterior Gateway Protocol
The Exrerior Gateway Protocols (EGP) are used between Autonomous Systems and have only one Routing Protocol that is currently being used on the Internet which is the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP).
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